| Walla Walla River | |
| River | |
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Confluence of the Walla Walla and the Columbia rivers.
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| Country | United States |
|---|---|
| State | Washington |
| Source | Blue Mountains |
| - coordinates | [1] |
| Mouth | Columbia River |
| - location | Wallula |
| - coordinates | [1] |
| Length | 61 mi (98 km) |
| Basin | 1,758 sq mi (4,553 km2) [2] |
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Mouth of the Walla Walla River in Washington
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The Walla Walla River is a tributary of the Columbia River, joining the Columbia just above Wallula Gap in southeastern Washington in the United States. The river flows through Umatilla County, Oregon and Walla Walla County, Washington.[1] Its drainage basin is 1,758 square miles (4,550 km2) in area.[2]
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The headwaters of the Walla Walla River lie in the Blue Mountains of northeastern Oregon. The river originates as the North and South Forks of the Walla Walla River. The surrounding forested land holds a network of hiking and mountain-biking trails.
The confluence of the North and South Forks lies east of Milton-Freewater, Oregon. The river flows eastward to reach Milton Freewater, which is built along its banks, and then flows northward through Milton-Freewater. Irrigation water is drawn from the river here and at numerous locations along the river.
The Walla Walla River flows southwest of the city of Walla Walla in the Walla Walla valley. Mill Creek, which flows through the city of Walla Walla, joins the Walla Walla river at the Whitman Mission west of the city of Walla Walla.
The Touchet River joins the Walla Walla at the town of Touchet, Washington. The annual mean discharge of the Walla Walla River just below the Touchet River confluence is 1,212 cu ft/s (34.3 m3/s). The maximum recorded discharge was 20,300 cu ft/s (570 m3/s) in 1964.[3]
The river enters the Columbia a mile south of the town of Wallula just north of Wallula Gap. The section of the Columbia River is called Wallula Lake, the reservoir impoundment created by McNary Dam.
The Walla Walla tribe occupied the region around the Walla Walla river prior to white settlers entry to the region.
The Lewis and Clark Expedition (1804–1806) was the first United States overland expedition to the Pacific coast and back—the return expedition stopped at the mouth of the Walla Walla and stayed with the Walla Walla tribe for a portion of the journey, proceeding from there overland to the Snake River. British explorer David Thompson (explorer) was the first European to navigate the entire length of the Columbia River, to the Pacific Ocean, in 1811.
Fort Nez Percés (later known as Old Fort Walla Walla) was a fortified fur trading post on the Columbia River on the territory of modern-day Wallula, Washington. It was in operation from 1818 until 1857 on the eastern shore of the Columbia River, immediately north of the mouth of the Walla Walla River. The Oregon Treaty ended joint U.S.A. - British occupation that had been effect since the Treaty of 1818. The fort was abandoned in 1857 when the Hudson's Bay Company gave up its Columbia District business in the Oregon Territory.
The Whitman Mission was established in 1836. It lies near the banks of the river to the west of the modern city of Walla Walla.
The Walla Walla River supports populations of spring Chinook salmon, summer steelhead, and bull trout among other species. There is a sport fishery for steelhead in the river. It also holds Channel Catfish and Smallmouth Bass in the summer.